Earlier studies have independently examined the hydrodynamic effects of either streamlining angle or vegetation density in model vegetation canopies. However, the coupled influence of these two parameters on the three-dimensional ...

Purpose: This work numerically investigates the effects of geometric imperfections and thermal gradients on thermo-mechanical response of hollow aluminum columns (aluminum 5083-H116 alloy) subjected to fire. From the ...

Rapid urbanisation and climate change have intensified urban heat islands (UHI) and associated thermal discomfort, making accurate microclimate monitoring essential for sustainable urban development. Past research has ...