Role of physical parameters in developing a geogenic contaminant risk approach

Abstract

Developing a water quality index on a temporal and spatial scale under changing climatic scenarios is a challenging task. Integrating complex depth varying hydro-geochemical and geomorphic interactions in a mathematical model requires accurate assessment of sediment influx and prediction of ionic balance evolution rate. While structural connectivity and ground water storage anomalies play a vital role in changing the groundwater chemistry, their role has often been excluded from discussions in directions of developing a probable future quality index. Factors like soil organic carbon stock and cation exchange capacity indicating active imprints of contamination have often been ignored from becoming possible parameters of water quality index. Integration of a health risk-based assessment of contamination will help to identify vulnerable regions. The present book chapter discusses the application of various such indices in developing a comprehensive understanding of the situation in India.