Introduction to sponge-like functional materials from TEMPO-oxidized cellulose nanofibers

Abstract

Environmentally friendly TEMPO-oxidized cellulose nanofibers (TOCNFs), derived from wood biomass, are utilized for effective environmental remediation. These nanofibers possess carboxyl group functionality and exhibit ultrafine diameters of 3-10 nm, accompanied by high aspect ratios due to their significant length-to-diameter ratio. By employing TEMPO (2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidine-1-oxyl) as an oxidizing agent, these TOCNFs are produced from cellulose, ensuring their eco-friendly nature. In comparison to other cellulose-based fibers like cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs), TOCNFs are more eco-friendly. They incorporate appropriate cellulose-based polymers with cross-linkers which further enhance their performance and versatility. This chapter provides information about the introduction, synthesis, and application of TOCNF-based sponge-like materials in environmental remediation. TOCNF nanosponges have a great engineered structure and properties for the sustainable and eco-safe nanoremediation. However, these can also be helpful in the purification of air. This chapter focuses on the potential present as well as future applications of sponge-like materials from TOCNFs in the field of environmental remediation.